John Mutch writes:

Alan V. Weinberg writes:

AsQ. David Bowers points out in chapter 1 of this masterful study, there are few areas of American numismatics that haven't been examined, often ingreat detail, by collectors and historians. Bowers himself is well known as a researcher par excellence. His work in many coinage series has yieldeda library of standard references, their subjects ranging from Buffalo nickels to gold double eagles, from the earliest colonial American tokens tothe most recent commemorative coins. But until the publication of this work, the The Token and Medal Society Guide to U.S. Shell Cards1867-1880 , no book-length study of these fascinating advertising tokens had been attempted by Bowers or anyone else.

Shell cards were a post-Civil War phenomenon, mostly hailing from New York, Boston, Chicago, and other large United States cities in the East andMidwest, although smaller quantities came from other regions. Coin-sized in diameter, these pocket-piece advertising tchotchkes often had coin-likedesigns, a feature that made them eye-catching and popular. They were constructed so that a business's advertisement was either embossed on one sideor inserted, in print, a few under a thin mica window.

From early on these advertising tokens were well received. Those that came with a small mirror fixed to one side were useful; those with acoin-like Liberty Head, Liberty Seated figure, or heraldic eagle warranted a double-take; and no matter the design, a shell card was moresubstantial-less ephemeral-than a paper coupon, printed card, or other throwaway advertisement. By the 1870s numismatists were actively seeking shellcards as collectibles. Early studies of them as such included auction-lot cataloging and listing by coin dealers and collectors, such as J.M. Tiltonof Cincinnati.

These early efforts were thin in details. In 1920 Harry A. Gray made a more in-depth study, by die and variety, in The Numismatist, thejournal of the American Numismatic Association. These foundations were built upon by later researchers and enthusiasts, the likes of Ralph Mitchell,Russ Rulau, Arlie Slabaugh, George Fuld, David Schenkman, and Steve Tanenbaum.

From the 1960s on, old and previously unpublished collections came to light, new varieties were cataloged and added to the hobby community'sknowledge base, and researchers shared their findings in the Token and Medal Society's TAMS Journal and other publications. But no magisterialtreatment of shell cards-their history, their motifs, their die varieties, their manufacturers and distributors, and the like-was compiled, untilnow.

Only Dave Bowers, with his steel-trap memory, extensive and well-maintained research files, and encyclopedic knowledge of all things numismatic,could have authored this richly layered volume. His study goes far beyond a mere listing of design elements and assignment of catalog numbers. Thefamous Bowers style is not simply to physically describe a coin, token, or medal, but to firmly establish it within its historical context. He tellsthe story of each shell card's issuer and its birthplace, painting a picture of, for example, Macon, Georgia, in the early 1870s, where B.A. Wise& Co.-"Importers of Table and Pocket Cutlery, Stoves, and House Furnishing Goods"-ballyhooed their wares with published cries of "Cooking Stoves!Cooking Stoves!" and "Hoes! Hoes! Four hundred dozen Scovill Pattern English Hoes!" (in Southern Farm and Home magazine).

Where was each shell card issued? Who distributed it? How large is it; is the edge plain or does it have tiny holes so the interior can serve as apincushion? Did its maker also create Civil War tokens, during the recently subdued interstate quarrel? Was the shell card known to early collectors,and if so, where has it been written up? In earlier catalogs, were any mistakes made that modern research has corrected? All of these queries arewithin Bowers's purview. He provides answers where a less disciplined researcher might not even see questions.

In the The Token and Medal Society Guide to U.S. Shell Cards 1867-1880 , Q. David Bowers takes a subject that might otherwise beesoteric-understood and valued only by specialists-and broadens its appeal to touch on every facet of American life in the 1860s and 1870s. The pastbeing prologue as it is, we cannot overestimate the value of that interdisciplinary approach. Bowers's shell cards may be rare, fragile, and smallenough to hold in your hand, but they're only windows; his true subject is nothing less than the rich and colorful panorama of America itself.

Dennis Tucker
Atlanta, Georgia

Alan V. Weinberg adds:

Dave Bowers writes:

From the Token and Medal Society (TAMS) web site:

To order a copy, see:
www.tokenandmedal.org/Books/Books.html

To read the earlier E-Sylum article, see:
NEW BOOK: U.S. SHELL CARDS 1867-1880 (www.coinbooks.org/esylum_v16n15a03.html)