Risley & McCollum's Hippodrome Token

New York--New York. (Circa 1850s) Risley & McCollum's Hippodrome. Miller-NY 663 (type). Gilt brass. 33 mm. MS-63 (NGC).

TROISIEME reverse. 80% or more of the original gilding survives, with wisps of olive-green on the high points and a dusting of blue on the reverse. A classic early Americancircus token, described as "extremely rare" by Satterlee in 1862.

Provenance: Ex F.C.C. Boyd; our (Stack's Bowers) sale of the John J. Ford, Jr. Collection, Part XXIII, lot 22516. Lot tag and paper envelope with attribution notationincluded.

I am researching circus in the mid-nineteenth century and I am thrilled to find your coins picturing Thomas McCollum at the Hippodrome.

I think that the coin commemorates a circus co-run briefly by McCollum and Risley in 1852 in England.

Thomas McCollum (1928-1872) was an American two horse rider and was admired by some of the most famous riders of his day, including James "Yankee" Robinson.

He is first mentioned in American circus bills in 1837 and was taught by a rider called Matthew Buckley, but also in the same company was John Robinson, famous for producingexceptional student riders, including James. He had his own company called Stone and McCollum's Great Western Circus between 1846 and 1850. He was 18 when this partnership began.The first year they traveled along the Mississippi Rivers in the James Raymond paddle steamer performing in towns along the banks- they were probably the first circus to travelthis way. Subsequently they traveled overland.

Thomas McCollum went to England, in early 1851 with Rufus Welch, Richard Risley and Eaton Stone. They opened at the Drury Lane Theatre that had been converted to anamphitheatre for equestrian performance for the American and French Equestrian Company. This company included members of the famous French Loisset family, from Circque Olympiquein Paris. The quality of the performances was highly praised and the troupe caused somewhat of a sensation.

At the end of 1851 the troupe went to Ireland and then parted company. The Loisset's went on the perform at Astely's amphitheatre and McCollum seems to have freelanced a bit.In December 1851 and January 1852 he performed with Pablo Fanque's circus in Edinburgh, but then he performed with Welshe's show in Leeds and briefly with the Franconi circus atthe Cremorne gardens and also back in Manchester with Pablo Fanque. It is possible that he was sampling the companies on offer as he contemplated his future as he let it be knownthat he was eager to try his fortune in Europe.

The New Roman Hippodrome where Risley and McCollum performed was in Bingley Hall in Birmingham in December 1851...

McCollum seems to have left England for the continent shortly after the Hippodrome time and was gone until 1855 when his legitimate son Thomas McCollum was born in London.Later he claimed to have performed in every major city in Europe. His son Eugene Gaertner was born in Paris also in 1855. From 1857-1860 he seem mostly to have been based inEngland and later in 1860 he left England with a company and his friends Hiram Franklin, George Buckley and Leon for South Africa. In May 1861 in was in Mauritius when during acyclone his circus tent was destroyed. He went from there into Asia, in particular, India and remained touring a company throughout until 1865 when he returned to England. He wentinto partnership with William Charmen and took out a fifty five year lease on the Holborn Royal Amphitheatre. Thomas McCollum died in 1872 of small pox and was buried inLambeth.

The token is wonderful- and the one of McCollum is the only image of him that I have been able to find.

I hope you find this interesting. If you would like to pass this information to the owner of these coins I would be very happy. If they would like to contact me directly Iwould also be happy. As far as I know, no other researcher has ever tried to follow McCollum's career before me. My interest in him arises from the subject of my research, atheatrical entrepreneur called John Washington Smith who managed for McCollum and Stone in America and was also involved in touring companies throughout Asia between 1861 and1874.

Here are some other tokens that I also found on a web-site recently:

Tickets and Passes of London from the David Young Collection

TICKETS and PASSES, Circuses, Risley & McCollum's Hippodrome, brass, man standing on two horses galloping right, risley & mccollum's hippodrome around, rev. troisieme,ostrich pulling cart above, elephant and castle below, edge grained, 32mm, 9.60g (W 971); Louis Soullier, brass, by H. Smith, horsewoman cantering left, hippodrome et cirquesoullier around, rev. troisieme, star and crescent crest above and below, 33mm, 8.38g (W 977) [2]. About fine, scarce; first pierced for suspension £60-80

Provenance: First W.J. Noble Collection, Part II, Noble Numismatics Pty Auction 61B (Melbourne), 3-4 August 1999, lot 752 (part), bt L. McCarthy November 2002; second btSeptember 2017.

Richard Risley Carlisle, aka Richard Risley (1814-74), showman and entrepreneur from Salem, NJ, in partnership with Thomas McCollum and their combined French and Americanequestrian troupe, performed in a circus at Drury Lane in 1851, which is when these tickets were issued. Louis Soullier (1813-88), proprietor of his self-styled Cirque Orientale,toured England in 1852, performing in London and Manchester, before taking his troupe to China, where they debuted in 1854 as that country's first-ever circus

To read the complete Dix Noonan Webb lot description, see
https://www.sixbid.com/browse.html?auction=4939&category=148919&lot=4113879

There are some other tokens that depict McCollum as well. Madame Soullier is interesting as she joined the company in early 1852 as well. I am currently trying to follow up onthe claim that Louis Soullier took his equestrian company to China in 1854. It is likley that Madadme Soullier was formerly Laura de Bach, the widow of Chritoph de Bach whofounded Circus Gymnasticus in Austria- one of the first permanent Circus buildings in Europe in 1808 (Dominique Jando, Circopedia).

In relation to your material, the image is certainly of Thomas McCollum. He was famous for his two horse "jockey" act. Eaton Stone was famous as a bareback rider; hewas abducted by Comanche Indians at one point in his life and he performed a famous Comanche Indian act as well.

"Professor" Richard Risley is also a very interesting character. His story is well recounted by Frederick Schodt in his book "Professor Risley and the ImperialJapanese Troupe; How an American Acrobat Introduced Circus to Japan" published by Stone Bridge Press, Berkeley California. The "he" of "he had his owncompany" is obviously McCollum- but it doesn't read clearly.

To read the complete lot description, see:
New York--New York. (Circa 1850s) Risley & McCollum's Hippodrome. Miller-NY 663 (type). Gilt brass.(https://auctions.stacksbowers.com/lots/view/3-7KYG3)

To read the earlier E-Sylum article, see:
NUMISMATIC NUGGETS: MAY 21, 2017 : Risley & McCollum's Hippodrome Token(http://www.coinbooks.org/v20/esylum_v20n21a23.html)