WINSLOW HOWARD SALE
The article provides information on the life of Winslow J. Howard, a prominent numismatist. He wasborn in New Hampshire and began his career with Tiffany & Co. in New York City. Howard becameinterested in collecting coins about 1850 and lobbied for the regular production of proof coinage in theU.S. in 1855. He was an active collector and bidder in auctions in the 1850s, including the 1855 PierreFlandin sale and the John W. Kline auction. In 1857, Howard corrected a mistake in a newspaper articleabout the "old red cent."

ECSTASY OF EARLY 1858
The text provides a historical account of Winslow J. Howard, an American numismatist, who was amongthe first people to print a "wanted to buy" list for old coppers. In 1858, Howard made significantintellectual contributions to John Hickox's research-based monograph on American coinage and wasvisited by Dr. Montroville Wilson Dickeson, who examined his collection to write his landmark AmericanNumismatical Manual. Howard sold some of his coins to George N. Dana of Boston, including the NonDependens Status engraved copper, which he believed to be unique and one of the pattern piecesengraved and designed by Paul Revere. The other featured coin was the Washington half dollar of 1792,which Howard found even more fascinating. Charles B. Norton published a feature on these two coins,along with engravings and descriptions of the coins, in his Norton's Literary Letter No. 2 in 1857.

AGONY OF 1858
In 1858, Winslow Howard was diagnosed with consumption (tuberculosis) and moved to New Mexicofor a drier climate. He spent the next four decades moving from town to town in the Western US,opening jewelry shops and collecting a variety of precious objects. He married Abbie Stratton in 1865,but their long-distance relationship and Howard's tuberculosis caused tension and eventually led todivorce in 1881. Howard also developed an interest in collecting plants and insects, which he displayedin his shops and sent to interested scientists. Many of his specimens were new to science, but hereceived little credit for his discoveries.

ITINERANT COLLECTOR
Winslow Howard was a well-known coin hobbyist in the second half of the 19th century, who lived inNew Hampshire and New York. After moving to the mountain West, Howard became one of the fewnumismatists in the region. He found ways to keep his hand in the numismatic game by displaying rarecoins from his collection, hanging out his shingle as an assayer, and opening a shop in Denver. In 1882,he moved to Silver City and experienced a resurgence of his numismatic interest. In 1884 and 1886,Howard consigned his numismatic collections for auction. The American Journal of Numismaticsreviewed the sales, and Howard's collections contained rare and choice specimens of coins and medalsof Mexico and Spanish American countries.

LONG-LOST HOWARD SALE
The text discusses the Winslow Howard sale of coins and medals that occurred in 1856. The sale was nota free-standing auction sale catalog and was sold as a tag-on to a catalog of books. The dearth ofinformation about the collection and the fact that it was sold as an addenda made the sale obscure. Theonly evidence of the sale's existence was recorded by Charles Ira Bushnell in 1859, where he recordedsales of coins and medals at public auctions in New York City. Q. David Bowers noted the obscuritysurrounding the Winslow Howard sale in 1998. Attinelli offers possibilities to consider and notes twoentries cataloged by Leavitt Delisser & Co. The text then discusses the next step of identifying the booksale catalog that included the addenda. McKay's American Book Auction Catalogues 1714-1934 does notprovide any answers.

HOWARD SALE, LOST AND FOUND
The article discusses the history of the Howard addenda, which is a collection of coins that were sold ata Leavitt Delisser & Co. trade sale of books in New York City on May 17, 1856. The article providesinformation on the history of Leavitt Delisser & Co., the advertisement for the trade sale, and thecataloger of the Winslow Howard sale. It explains why the identification of the Howard sale was elusivefor a long time and provides insight into the auction process during the 19th century.

HOWARD SALE OF MAY 17, 1856
The text describes the May 17, 1856 auction of coins and medals by Leavitt, Delisser & Co., withparticular focus on the addenda that describes lots 196-247. The author compares the original addendato the columns clipped from it and pasted into a compendium catalog by a collector named Charles IraBushnell. Bushnell made several annotations, including grading and rarity judgments, that differ fromthe catalog. The author provides examples of this with lot 196, a Washington Before Boston medal, andlots 198 and 204, a Gobrecht dollar and a 1791 Washington Cent. The author also notes that Bushnellcut the original addenda to size to match his catalog and discarded useful information from the originalin the process.

HOWARD SALE: ORIGINAL ADDENDA AND ATTINELLI REPRINT
The text discusses the Howard sale of coins and medals, held in 1856. The untrimmed original addendaand a priced unnamed reprint of it, both in the Library of the ANS, provide useful insights about the sale.The untrimmed addenda reveals that there were four additional unnumbered lots of coins offered, oneprinted on the addenda itself and three manuscript lots added in pencil. The total realization of thethree unnumbered manuscript lots, 64 cents, when added to the total return of the addendum's 52numbered lots, $37.97, yield a total realization of $38.61 for the entire addenda. It is noted that theproceeds of the 195 lots of books that preceded the sale of Howard's coins were possibly included in themix, either added to the $38.61 realized by the numismatic lots or posted instead of the numismaticrealization. The Howard addenda was a hurried emission from a bookseller, not a coin dealer, and wastherefore ephemeral to numismatists from the time of its issue. At some point before the publication ofNumisgraphics in 1876, someone decided to reprint some of the rarities of the American series,including the Howard addendum, with nominal numbers in excess of the mid-1870s demand.

BUYERS AT THE HOWARD SALE
The Winslow Howard auction of 1856 was dominated by "Cash" buyers, who paid invoices on a cash-and-carry basis, while only seven named individuals bought the remaining 14 lots, including "Wilson" or"Willis," "Hayes" or "Hays," and "Oliver." The identity of "Wilson" or "Willis" and "Hayes" or "Hays"remains unknown, while "Oliver" is believed to be James Oliver, a founder of the American NumismaticSociety. The buyers of the three manuscript lots in the ANS addenda are "Fish" or "Fisk," "Curtis," andyet another "Cash." It is also noted that no one was a named buyer in all three sales (Flandin, Groux, andHoward addenda).

AFTER-SALE REPORT
The article discusses the auction of Winslow J. Howard's coin collection, which was held in May 1856.The article reports on a clipping from the New-York Dispatch which was printed two weeks after thesale. The summary begins factually but quickly turns promotional, written by Howard himself. The articlecriticizes Howard's sales report as a bit over the top, as the prices realized in the auction were middlingand not enormous. The article concludes with Howard's philosophical rumination on the cultural valueof coin collecting.

To read the earlier E-Sylum articles, see:
BUSHNELL'S COMPENDIUM CATALOG, PART ONE(https://www.coinbooks.org/v26/esylum_v26n17a07.html)
BUSHNELL'S COMPENDIUM CATALOG, PART TWO(https://www.coinbooks.org/v26/esylum_v26n18a13.html)