Today is the birthday of Maria Mitchell, the first acknowledged female astronomer, born in 1818 on the island of Nantucket in Massachusetts.

Maria's early interest in science and the stars came from her father, a dedicated amateur astronomer who shared with all his children what he saw as physical evidence of God in the naturalworld, although Maria was the only child interested enough to learn the mathematics of astronomy.

By age 12, Maria was assisting her father with his astronomical observations and data, and just five years later opened and ran her own school for girls, training them in the sciences and math. In1838, she became the librarian of the Nantucket Atheneum and began spending her evenings in an observatory her father had built atop the town's bank.

On October 1, 1848, a crisp, clear autumn evening, Maria focused her father's telescope on a distant star. The light was faint and blurry, and Maria suddenly realized she was looking not at astar, but a comet; she recorded its coordinates, and when she saw the next night that the fuzzy light had moved, she was sure. Maria shared her discovery with her father, who wrote to the HarvardObservatory, who in turn passed her name on to the king of Denmark, who had pledged a gold medal to the first person to discover a comet so distant that it could only be seen through a telescope.Maria was awarded the medal the following year, and the comet became known as "Miss Mitchell's Comet."

To read the complete article, see:
TUESDAY Aug. 1, 2017 (http://writersalmanac.org/episodes/20170801/)

An amateur astronomer himself, Frederick VI, the King of Denmark, decided to offer a gold medal to the first observer to see any new telescopic comet. Frederick VI died in 1839, but his son,Christian VIII, continued to award these medals. Maria was almost denied her medal because William Bond and her father failed to follow the proper procedure for alerting the Danish government ofMaria's discovery. However, more than a year later, the gold medal finally arrived on Nantucket.

The discovery of the comet, Comet 1847-VI informally known as "Miss Mitchell's Comet," was the event that made Maria famous. She was elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences,in 1848 as a result. Maria's father William Mitchell was already a member.

The gold medal is today a part of the Maria Mitchell collections.

To read the complete article, see:
Maria Mitchell's Gold Medal (https://www.mariamitchell.org/about/awards/maria-mitchells-gold-medal)

This coin is actually too big to flip; it is a solid gold medal presented to Maria Mitchell in 1848 for her discovery of Mitchell's Comet in 1847. One side of the medal presents a portraitof the King of Denmark while the reverse depicts the Goddess of Urania, muse of astronomy. Urania has a globe in her left hand and a stylus in her right. Above her are the words (in Latin) "Not invain do we watch the setting and rising of the stars," while above her are the words "Cometa Visus 1st Oct. 1847," and the outer edge of the medal is engraved with Maria's name.

The prized medal itself is only brought out to the public once a year-August 1st marks the celebration of Maria's birthday and the Maria Mitchell Association celebrates with a birthday party alonglower Vestal Street which this year includes period music, live falconry demonstrations, astronomy activities, and, of course, the annual opportunity to view Maria's gold medal.

To read the complete article, see:
What Is This? Maria Mitchell's Gold Medal (http://yesterdaysisland.com/maria-mitchells-gold-medal/)